Umxholo olandelayo uguqulelwe ukusuka kwimvelaphi yesiTshayina ngoguqulelo lomatshini ngaphandle kokuhlelwa.
Kwinkqubo yokuguqulela isiVietnam kunye nesiTshayina, kuhlala kukho ukungaqondi kakuhle okungachaphazeli nje ukuchaneka kwenguqulelo, kodwa kunokukhokelela ekungaqondani okanye ukusasazwa ngempazamo kolwazi. Nazi ezinye iingcamango eziphosakeleyo zoguqulelo kunye nezisombululo ezihambelanayo.
1. Umahluko kwisakhiwo solwimi
Kukho umahluko omkhulu kulwakhiwo lwegrama phakathi kweVietnam kunye nesiTshayina. Ulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi kwisiVietnamese lubhetyebhetye ngokwentelekiso, kunye nezenzi ezihlala zibekwe embindini wesivakalisi, ngelixa isiTshayina sigxininisa ngakumbi kulandelelwano olusisigxina lwentloko, isivisa, kunye nenjongosenzi. Lo mahluko wesakhiwo unokukhokelela ngokulula ekungaqondani okanye ekulahlekeni kolwazi ngexesha loguqulelo. Umzekelo, kwisiVietnamese, ukuchaswa kabini kunokusetyenziswa ukubonisa ukuqinisekiswa, ngelixa kwisiTshayina, isigama esicacileyo esicacileyo siyafuneka ukuhambisa intsingiselo efanayo.
Isicombululo sale ngxaki kukwenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwegrama yesivakalisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba isivakalisi esiguqulelweyo sesiTshayina siyangqinelana nemikhwa yokuthetha yolwimi lwesiTshayina. Abaguquleli kufuneka bayiqonde ngokunzulu injongo yombhalo wantlandlolo baze benze uhlaziyo olusengqiqweni ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo yegrama yesiTshayina.
2. Umba wokuguqulelwa ngokwezwi nezwi kwesigama
Ukuguqulelwa ngokwezwi nezwi kwesigama yenye yeembono ezigwenxa eziqhelekileyo kuguqulo. Kukho amagama amaninzi kwisiVietnam kunye nesiTshayina aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kukho iimeko apho zingenakuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo. Umzekelo, igama lesiVietnamese elithi 'c ả m ơ n' liguqulelwe ngokuthe ngqo ngokuthi' enkosi ', kodwa xa lisetyenziswa, igama lesiTshayina elithi enkosi 'linokuba nethowuni yovakalelo esesikweni okanye eyomeleleyo.
Ukuthintela ukungaqondani okubangelwa kukuguqulelwa ngokwezwi nezwi kwesigama, abaguquleli bafanele bakhethe isigama esifanelekileyo sesiTshayina esisekelwe kwiimfuno zokwenene zomongo. Ukuqonda imvelaphi yenkcubeko kunye nokubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo kumbhalo wokuqala, ukukhetha ibinzana lesiTshayina elinokudlulisela injongo efanayo ngundoqo.
3. Izaci kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezaci
Izaci nezaci zidla ngokuqondwa phosakeleyo xa kuguqulelwa kuba la mabinzana adla ngokuba neemvelaphi neemeko ezizodwa. KwiVietnamese, amanye amabinzana entetho kunye nezaci zisenokungabi nawo amabinzana angqinelanayo kwisiTshayina. Umzekelo, ibinzana lesiVietnamese elithi “Đ i ế c kh ô ng s ợ s ú ng” (eliguqulelwe ngokoqobo ngokuthi “ukungoyiki imipu”) lisenokungabi nesaci esihambelana ngqo nesiTshayina.
Indlela yokulungisa lo mba kukudlulisela intsingiselo yezaci okanye izaci kubafundi ngokuguqulela simahla endaweni yokuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo. Abaguquleli kufuneka baqonde intsingiselo esebenzayo yala maqhalo kwinkcubeko kwaye basebenzise amabinzana afanayo esiTshayina ukudlulisela imiba efanayo.
4. Ukungaqondani okubangelwa kukwahluka ngokwenkcubeko
Ukwahluka kwezithethe ngomnye ucelomngeni olukhulu ekuguquleleni. Umahluko ngokwenkcubeko phakathi kweVietnam kunye neTshayina kunokukhokelela ekungaqondani kweengqikelelo okanye amabinzana athile. Ngokomzekelo, kwinkcubeko yaseVietnam, amabinzana athile anokuba neentsingiselo ezikhethekileyo zentlalo okanye zembali ezinokuthi zaziwa ngesiTshayina.
Ukuze boyise iingxaki ezibangelwa kukwahluka kwenkcubeko, abaguquleli kufuneka babe nokuqonda okunzulu kuzo zombini iinkcubeko, bakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo amabinzana akhethekileyo ezi nkcubeko, baze bawacacise okanye bawalungelelanise ngexesha lokuguqulela ukuze bafaneleke ngakumbi kubafundi baseTshayina. ukuqonda.
5. Ukutenxa kwithoni nakwilizwi
Ithoni nethoni yezwi zinokwahluka kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo. IsiVietnam nesiTshayina nabo banomahluko welizwi xa bevakalisa imbeko, ukugxininisa, okanye ukuchasa. Lo mahluko unokukhokelela ekulahlekeni okanye ekungaqondwani kwemibala yeemvakalelo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguqulela. Ngokomzekelo, isiVietnamese sisenokusebenzisa amagama anezandi ezinamandla ukubonisa imbeko, ngoxa kwisiTshayina, kusenokufuneka amabinzana athantamisayo.
Abaguquleli kufuneka bahlengahlengise ithoni yabo kunye nemvakalo-zwi ngokwemikhwa yesiTshayina ukuze baqinisekise ukuba umbhalo oguqulelweyo uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yesiTshayina ngokweemvakalelo nangembeko. Nikela ingqalelo kwiiyantlukwano ezichuliweyo zolwimi ukuze uqinisekise ukuchaneka nokuba ngokwemvelo ekuguquleleni.
6. Ukuguqulelwa kwemiqathango yobunini
Ukuguqulelwa kwezibizo zoqobo kukwayinto eqhelekileyo. KwiVietnam kunye nesiTshayina, kunokubakho ukungahambelani ekuguqulelweni kwezibizo ezichanekileyo ezifana namagama eendawo, amagama omntu, izakhiwo zentlangano, njl. Umzekelo, amagama eendawo zaseVietnam anokuba neenguqulelo ezininzi kwisiTshayina, kodwa ezi nguqulelo azihlali zifana.
Xa besebenzisana nezibizo zoqobo, abaguquleli bafanele balandele umgaqo wokungaguquguquki baze basebenzise iindlela zokuguqulela ezisemgangathweni. Ngemigaqo yobunikazi engaqinisekanga, kulula ukudibana nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo okanye iingcali ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokungaguquguquki koguqulo.
7. Ibhalansi phakathi kokuguqulela ngokwezwi nezwi kunye nenguqulelo yasimahla
Ukuguqulela ngokwelizwi kunye nokuguqulela simahla ziindlela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ekuguquleleni. Kwinguqulelo esuka kwisiVietnam ukuya kwisiTshayina, ukuguqulelwa ngokwezwi nezwi kudla ngokukhokelela ekungaqondani okanye kwiintsingiselo ezingacacanga, ngelixa ukuguqulelwa kwasimahla kunokudlulisela ngcono injongo yombhalo wokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, uguqulelo lwasimahla olugqithisileyo lunokubangela ukuba inguqulelo ilahlekelwe ziinkcukacha ezithile okanye iimpawu zombhalo wokuqala.
Abaguquleli kufuneka bafumane ulungelelwano phakathi kokuguqulela ngokwezwi nezwi kunye nokuguqulela simahla, bathembeke kumbhalo wantlandlolo ngelixa behlengahlengisa inguqulelo ngokwemikhwa yokuthetha yesiTshayina. Ngokuwuqonda ngokunzulu umbhalo wantlandlolo, abaguquleli banokwenza inguqulelo ibe yemvelo ngakumbi yaye kube lula ukuyiqonda ngoxa begcina inkcazelo ichanile.
8. Ukunqongophala komxholo kunye nolwazi lwemvelaphi
Ukuchana kwenguqulelo kudla ngokuxhomekeke ekuwuqondeni ngokucokisekileyo umongo nolwazi lwemvelaphi yombhalo wantlandlolo. Ukuba umguquleli akaqhelananga noluntu lwaseVietnam, imbali, okanye amasiko, kulula ukungazihoyi ezinye iinkcukacha okanye ukungaqondi kakuhle ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguqulela.
Ukuthintela le meko, abaguquleli kufuneka bahlole imvelaphi eyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuba baguqulele ukuze baqonde imvelaphi efanelekileyo yentlalo, inkcubeko kunye nembali. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulo aluchanekanga nje kuphela, kodwa lukwabonakalisa ngokupheleleyo injongo neentsingiselo zenkcubeko yombhalo wokuqala.
Inkqubo yokuguqulela phakathi kweVietnam kunye nesiTshayina igcwele imingeni kunye nobunzima. Ukuqonda kunye nokulungisa iingcamango eziphosakeleyo ezichazwe ngasentla kunokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho woguqulo. Abaguquleli kufuneka babe nesiseko esiluqilima solwimi nolwazi lwenkcubeko, kwaye basebenzise izakhono zokuguqulela ngokulula ukuze bafumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolusebenzayo kunxibelelwano lweelwimi ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-28-2024