Umxholo olandelayo uguqulelwe ukusuka kwimvelaphi yesiTshayina ngoguqulelo lomatshini ngaphandle kokuhlelwa.
Ngokukhula koshishino, ayanda amashishini kunye nabantu abanikela ingqalelo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, njengokhuphiswano olungundoqo lokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe beshishini, liya lixatyiswa. Nangona kunjalo, imiba yolwimi kunye noguqulo ihlala ingumqobo ophambili kwinkqubo yokufakwa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Ukuchaneka kunye nobungcali bokuguqulela ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kuchaphazela ngqo impumelelo yezicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Ngoko ke, ukukhetha inkonzo efanelekileyo yewebhusayithi yokuguqulela i-patent ayisiyo kuphela isitshixo sokuphucula umgangatho wezicelo zepatent, kodwa kunye nenyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni izicelo zepatent.
Ukubaluleka kwePatent Translation
Uguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ayiloguqulelo olulula lolwimi, lubandakanya ukuchazwa okuchanekileyo kwesigama sobuchule bobugcisa, amagama asemthethweni, kunye nefuthe elisemthethweni lamalungelo awodwa abenzi. Ngoko ke, ukuchaneka kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kubalulekile. Uguqulo olungachanekanga alunakukhokelela kuphela kukhuseleko lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza olungasebenziyo kuphela, kodwa lukwachaphazela umda wamazwe ngamazwe welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye nokuba semthethweni kwelungelo lelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, uguqulo alukho malunga nokuguqulela umbhalo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye kuphela, kodwa malunga nokuqonda kunye nokuvelisa izisombululo zobugcisa, izibonelelo zomthetho, kunye neenkcazo zobuchwepheshe.
Imingeni kunye nobunzima boGuqulelo lwePatent
Amaxwebhu elungelo elilodwa lomenzi abandakanya umxholo ontsonkothileyo wobugcisa kunye nolwimi oluthile olusemthethweni. Ngokukodwa kwizicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza eliwela umda, ukungafani kolwimi kunokukhokelela ekungaqondani okanye ukungacaci kakuhle, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazele umda wokusetyenziswa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye nokhuseleko. Imingeni eqhelekileyo yokuguqulela ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ibandakanya: 1 Ubuchwephesha bobugcisa: Umxholo welungelo elilodwa lomenzi udla ngokuquka izisombululo ezintsonkothileyo zobuchwephesha kunye nesigama esichubekileyo, efuna abaguquleli babe nemvelaphi enzulu ukuze baqonde ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yobugcisa yombhalo wokuqala. ezimbini Ukuchazwa okuchanekileyo kwamagama asemthethweni: Ukusetyenziswa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza akufuneki kuphela ukuchaza umxholo wobugcisa, kodwa kufuneka kuthotyelwe ifomathi kunye neemfuno zomthetho ezichazwe kuMthetho wePatent. Nayiphi na inguqulelo engafanelekanga inokuchaphazela ukunyaniseka kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. ezintathu Ukubekwa emgangathweni kolwimi: Amaxwebhu elungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza afuna ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olusesikweni nolungqongqo, kwaye nakuphi na ukuchazwa okungachanekanga kunokubangela umngcipheko ngokwasemthethweni. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguqulela, kuyimfuneko ukuba nezivakalisi ezimfutshane nezicacileyo ngelixa ugcina ubungqongqo bomthetho.
Iingqwalasela xa ukhetha iinkonzo zewebhusayithi yokuguqulela ipatent
Xa sijongene nababoneleli ngenkonzo yoguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, indlela yokukhetha inkonzo efanelekileyo yewebhusayithi yoguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza iye yaba ingqwalasela kumashishini amaninzi kunye nabafaki-zicelo. Kwinkqubo yokhetho, le miba ilandelayo inokuqwalaselwa:
1. Imvelaphi yobungcali yeqela labaguquleli
Xa ukhetha inkonzo yewebhusayithi yoguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yimvelaphi yobungcali yeqela labaguquleli. Uguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ayiloguqulelo lolwimi kuphela, kodwa lukwadibanisa ulwazi lobugcisa nomthetho. Abaguquleli abaziingcali abafuni nje ukuba nesiseko esiluqilima solwimi, kodwa kunye nemvelaphi yobugcisa kwindawo efanelekileyo. Oyena mnikezeli ngenkonzo yoguqulo lwelungelo lomenzi ofanelekileyo kufuneka abe neqela lamacandelo ahlukeneyo aquka abameli bamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, iinjineli zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kunye neengcaphephe zobuchwephesha ukuqinisekisa umgangatho nobungcali boguqulo.
2. Isiqinisekiso soMgangatho woGuqulelo
Umgangatho woguqulo ngundoqo weenkonzo zoguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka koguqulo, abaninzi ababoneleli ngenkonzo yoguqulo abaqeqeshiweyo baya kuthatha amanyathelo amaninzi olawulo lomgangatho, afana nokuhlola ubungqina kabini kunye noguqulo oluncediswa ngumatshini (izixhobo zeCAT). Ezi zixhobo zinokunceda abaguquleli baqonde ngcono kwaye badibanise isigama selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwenguqulelo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ababoneleli ngenkonzo abanokubonelela ngomgangatho wokuguqulela kwaye babe neemeko ezithile zoguqulo okanye ingxelo yomthengi njengezalathisi.
3. Ixesha lokuguqulela
Ukufika ngexesha kwenkqubo yesicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kubalulekile. Iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla ineemfuno zexesha ezahlukeneyo, kwaye isantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koguqulo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umhla wokugqibela wesicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Ke ngoko, ukukhetha iwebhusayithi yokuguqulela ipatent ebonelela ngeenkonzo zokuguqulela ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukongeza kumgangatho woguqulo, ixesha loguqulo lukwangummiselo obalulekileyo wokuvavanya ababoneleli benkonzo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkampani yokuguqulela inokunikezela ngexesha kwaye ibonelele ngeenkonzo ezikhawulezileyo kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
4. Ingqiqo yeeNdleko zoGuqulelo
Ixabiso lokuguqulela ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nomniki wenkonzo, ubugcisa bolwimi, kunye nodidi lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Xa ukhetha iinkonzo zokuguqulela kwilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ixabiso yinto ebalulekileyo engenakuhoywa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iindleko azikho into ephambili yokumisela, kwaye iindleko eziphantsi zokuguqulela zihlala zithetha ukuba umgangatho awunakuqinisekiswa. Ngoko ke, xa kusenziwa ukhetho, izinto ezinjengomgangatho wokuguqulela, inkonzo, kunye neendleko kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokuguqulela uhambelana neendleko.
5. Ingxelo yomthengi kunye nodumo
Ukukhetha umboneleli wenkonzo yoguqulelo onegama elihle kunye nengxelo yabathengi kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuthembeka kweenkonzo zoguqulo. Ungakuqonda ukuthembeka kweenkonzo zewebhusayithi yoguqulelo ngokujonga iimeko zabathengi, uphononongo lwabathengi, kunye nodumo lwentengiso kwiwebhusayithi yenkampani yoguqulelo. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nabahlobo okanye osebenza nabo abakhe basebenzisa le nkonzo ngaphambili ukuze baqonde amava abo okwenene. Inkonzo elungileyo yabathengi kunye nesimo sengqondo senkonzo yobungcali zizinto eziphambili ekukhetheni.
Uluphucula njani usetyenziso lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza
Ukukhetha inkonzo efanelekileyo yewebhusayithi yokuguqulela ipatent ayikokusombulula iingxaki zolwimi kuphela, kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kukuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wezicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza unokubonakaliswa ngenyaniso, ngokupheleleyo, nangokucacileyo ngoguqulelo oluchanekileyo nolusemgangathweni, kuthintelwa impembelelo yoguqulo olungafanelekanga ekunyanisekeni kwamalungelo awodwa abenzi. La manqaku alandelayo anokunceda ukuphucula usetyenziso lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza:
1. Lungiselela amaxwebhu obugcisa aneenkcukacha
Imvelaphi yobugcisa yeqela labaguquleli ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko ke phambi kokuguqulelwa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, abafaki-zicelo bamalungelo awodwa abenzi belungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kufuneka balungiselele iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezineenkcukacha kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuquka imizobo, idatha, iinkcazelo zobugcisa, njl., ukuze abaguquleli babe nokuwuqonda ngokuchanekileyo umxholo wobugcisa. Ukuphelela kwezinto zobugcisa kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokuguqulela kunye nezicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza.
2. Khetha i-arhente yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza
Uguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza alukho nje malunga nokuguqulwa kolwimi, kodwa lubandakanya imicimbi yomthetho enxulumene nelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ngoko ke ukukhetha i-arhente yobuchwephesha patent nako kubaluleke kakhulu. Iiarhente eziqeqeshelwe ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ziya kusebenza ngokusondeleleneyo namaqela abaguquleli ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu asemthethweni ezicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza athobela imithetho yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kumazwe okanye iingingqi ezifanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwa izicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza.
3. Nika ingqalelo kwifomathi kunye neemfuno zamaxwebhu elungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza
Ubume kunye neemfuno zamaxwebhu esicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza anokwahluka kumazwe nakwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, xa uguqulela amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, ngaphezu komxholo wokuguqulela ngokwawo, ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwifomathi kunye neenkcukacha zamaxwebhu aguqulelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zeeofisi ze-patent kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwaye ugweme ukukhatywa okanye ukulibaziseka ngenxa yemibandela yokufomatha.
Ngokufutshane, ukhetho lweenkonzo zokuguqulela ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza lubalulekile ekuphuculeni usetyenziso lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Uguqulelo lwePatent alufuni kuphela ukuguqulwa kolwimi oluchanekileyo, kodwa kunye nenkxaso yolwazi lobugcisa kunye nomthetho. Ngokukhetha ababoneleli benkonzo yoguqulo abaqeqeshiweyo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulo, ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwexesha, kunye nokulawula iindleko ngokufanelekileyo, izicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza zingaphuculwa ngempumelelo. Kwimeko ekhuphisanayo yokwenza izinto zala maxesha, uguqulo olukwizinga eliphezulu lelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza luya kubonelela ngesithuba sokhuseleko olubanzi lwenguqulelo yobuchwepheshe, ngaloo ndlela siphucula ukukhuphisana kwemarike kumashishini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-24-2025