Umxholo olandelayo uguqulelwe ukusuka kwimvelaphi yesiTshayina ngoguqulelo lomatshini ngaphandle kokuhlelwa.
Uyikhetha njani inkampani yoguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulo kunye nokuchaneka
Ngokukhawuleza kwenkqubo yokudityaniswa kwehlabathi, ayanda amashishini kunye nabantu ngabanye abangena kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukhuseleko lwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda ibaluleke ngakumbi. Kulawulo lwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, amalungelo awodwa abenzi bamachiza adlala indima ebalulekileyo njengondoqo we-asethi engaphathekiyo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba semthethweni okusemthethweni kunye nokusasazwa okusebenzayo kwamalungelo awodwa abenzi, ukuguqulelwa kwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela kwilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunempembelelo eqinisekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho woguqulo kunye nokuchaneka. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha indlela yokukhetha inkampani efanelekileyo yokuguqulela ipatent ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulo kunye nokuchaneka.
1. Ubungcali: Khetha inkampani enamava okuguqulela ipatent
Kukho umahluko osisiseko phakathi koguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye nenguqulelo yombhalo eqhelekileyo. Uguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kufuna abaguquleli banganeli nje ukuba nolwazi olukwinqanaba eliphezulu lolwimi, kodwa baqonde kwaye babe nobuchule obufanelekileyo bomthetho, ubugcisa, kunye nesigama esinxulumene nelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kukuba ingaba banamava na kuguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Iinkampani zokuguqulela ezinamava zidla ngokuba nabaguquleli abaziingcali kunye namagqwetha elungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza anokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye neentsingiselo ezisemthethweni zombhalo wokuqala, ukuphepha ukungaqondi kakuhle okanye ukushiyeka kwinguqulelo. Ukongeza, iinkampani zoguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza zikholisa ukuseka inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho opheleleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho ophezulu woguqulo ukusuka kulwamkelo lweprojekthi, uguqulo, uvavanyo ukuya ekuhanjisweni. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha inkampani yoguqulo, amashishini kufuneka aqonde iimeko zawo zeprojekthi zangaphambili kwaye aqinisekise amava kunye nobuchule babo kummandla woguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza.
2. Ukwakhiwa kweqela labaguquleli: isiqinisekiso esiphindiweyo solwimi nobuchwepheshe
Uguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza akufuneki kuphela ukuba abaguquleli babe nolwazi lolwimi, kodwa kunye nemvelaphi yobugcisa ehambelanayo. Ngokukodwa kumalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza abandakanya imimandla yobugcisa obuphezulu, abaguquleli kufuneka babe nokuqonda okunzulu kolwazi olufanelekileyo kwinkalo. Xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela, umntu kufuneka aqonde ukuqulunqwa kweqela lakhe labaguquleli nokuba inabo abaguquleli abaneemvelaphi ezifanelekileyo zobugcisa. Iqela elifanelekileyo lokuguqulela lifanele libandakanye ezi nxalenye ziphambili zilandelayo: kwelinye icala, kufuneka libe neengcali zokuguqulela ezichubekileyo kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo (njengesiNgesi, isiJamani, isiFrentshi, njl.); Kwelinye icala, iingcali zobugcisa nazo ziyafuneka, ingakumbi ezo zinolwazi olunzulu kwiinkalo zobugcisa ezifanelekileyo, ezinokunceda abaguquleli baqonde isigama sobungcali kunye nomxholo wobugcisa kumbhalo wokuqala, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwenguqulelo.
3. Inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho: Qinisekisa ukuchaneka nokungaguquguquki koguqulo
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulo lwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, iinkampani zokuguqulela ezichubekileyo zikholisa ukuseka iinkqubo ezingqongqo zolawulo lomgangatho. Inkqubo yokulawula umgangatho ayibandakanyi kuphela ukuhlolwa kunye nokuphonononga ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguqulela, kodwa iquka ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuguqulela ezifana neebhanki zeelwimi kunye neebhanki zememori yokuguqulela. Iinkampani zokuguqulela zifanele zibe nenkqubo epheleleyo yokuhlola iimpazamo nezivavanyayo ukuze ziqinisekise ukuba imibhalo eguqulelweyo ayishiyiweyo, ayiqondwanga, yaye ithobela iimfuno zomthetho nezobuchule zolwimi ekuguqulelwa kulo. Ukusekwa kwedathabheyisi yesigama kubaluleke kakhulu njengoko kunokunceda abaguquleli bagcine ukuhambelana kwisigama kwaye baphephe iimeko apho igama elifanayo liguqulelwe ngokwahlukileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, inkumbulo yokuguqulela inokunceda abaguquleli bagcine ukuhambelana kwisitayile kunye nesigama ngexesha leenkqubo ezininzi zokuguqulela, ukuphucula impumelelo yokuguqulela kunye nokuchaneka.
4. Iimfuno zomthetho zamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza kunye nokuchaneka kwesigama
Ukuguqulelwa kwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza akufuneki kudlulise ngokuchanekileyo umxholo wobugcisa kuphela, kodwa kwakhona kuhambelane neemfuno zomthetho zelizwe apho isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza sikhoyo. Kuguqulelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, amagama athile asemthethweni afana “nelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza”, “isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza”, “umqambi”, njl. Uguqulo olungafanelekanga lusenokuchaphazela ukuba semthethweni kwamalungelo awodwa abenzi, kunye nokusebenza kwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela, ngaphezu kokufuna ukuba abaguquleli babe nemvelaphi yobugcisa, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba banokuqonda okusisiseko kwemithetho yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa kwizicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kumazwe ngamazwe (ezifana nezicelo ze-P), iinkampani zoguqulelo kufuneka ziqhelane neemfuneko zomthetho welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbhalo oguquliweyo uyahlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi welizwe ekujoliswe kulo.
5. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuguqulela: phucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokuchaneka koguqulo
Ngophuhliso lobuchwephesha boguqulo, ziya zisanda iinkampani zokuguqulela zisebenzisa izixhobo zokuguqulela ezixhaswa yikhompyutha (CAT). Ezi zixhobo zinokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokuchaneka koguqulo, ngakumbi ekuguqulelweni kwamaxwebhu elungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye nenani elikhulu lamagama obugcisa kunye nomxholo ophindaphindiweyo. Izixhobo zeCAT zinokunceda abaguquleli baphucule ukungaguquguquki kunye nokonga ixesha lokuguqulela. Ukusetyenziswa kwesigama kunye nenkumbulo yokuguqulela kubaluleke kakhulu kwizixhobo ze-CAT. Ithala lesigama linokunceda abaguquleli baqinisekise ukuhambelana kwisigama, ngelixa inkumbulo yoguqulo inokuzibona ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye isebenzise umxholo oguqulelwe ngaphambili, iqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokuhambelana kuguqulo. Xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela eyingcali, ukuqonda ukuba zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-CAT nokusetyenziswa kwazo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni umgangatho woguqulo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
6. Uphononongo lwabathengi kunye nodumo lwenkampani
Uvandlakanyo lwabathengi yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokulinganisa inqanaba lobuchwephesha lenkampani yoguqulo. Ngokuqonda impendulo evela kwabanye abathengi, iinkampani zinokuvavanya ukusebenza kweenkampani zokuguqulela ngokomgangatho, ixesha lonikezelo, isimo sengqondo senkonzo, kunye neminye imiba. Xa ukhetha inkampani yokuqanjwa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, amashishini anokuqonda isidima senkampani kunye nokuthembeka kuguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ngonxibelelwano noontanga okanye abanye abathengi. Ukongeza, isidima senkampani yokuguqulela sikwasisalathisi esibalulekileyo ekukhethweni. Iinkampani ezinodumo oluphezulu kushishino zihlala zinamandla obuchule obuchwephesha kunye namava eprojekthi atyebileyo. Ukukhetha inkampani enjalo kunokubonelela ngofikelelo olukhuselekileyo kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
7. Ibhalansi phakathi komgangatho wenkonzo kunye nexabiso
Ixabiso leenkonzo zoguqulo yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo eziqwalaselwa kumashishini xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso alikho umgangatho ophezulu. Iinkampani zoguqulo ezinamaxabiso aphantsi zinokuba nemiba yomgangatho, ukuchaneka, okanye ubuchwephesha, obunokukhokelela kumngcipheko omkhulu kunye neendleko ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela, amashishini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo ibhalansi phakathi komgangatho wenkonzo kunye nexabiso. Uguqulo olukumgangatho ophezulu welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kaninzi lufuna izibonelelo ezingaphezulu zobungcali kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, ngoko ke, iinkampani ezinamaxabiso aphantsi zihlala zingakwazi ukunika isiqinisekiso somgangatho owaneleyo. Amashishini kufuneka akhethe iinkampani zokuguqulela ezineendleko eziphezulu ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zabo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulelo ngelixa ulawula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
8. Ulawulo lweprojekthi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konxibelelwano
Iiprojekthi zokuguqulela ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza zibandakanya isixa esikhulu somxholo kwaye zifuna ulawulo olusebenzayo kunye nolungelelwaniso. Xa ukhetha inkampani yoguqulo, ishishini kufuneka lithathele ingqalelo isakhono salo solawulo lweprojekthi, ukuba lingakwazi na ukugqiba imisebenzi yoguqulo ngexesha, kwaye liyakwazi na ukuphendula kwiimfuno zabathengi kwaye lenze uhlengahlengiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukongeza, impumelelo yonxibelelwano yenye yezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela. Kwinkqubo yoguqulo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, unxibelelwano olulungileyo phakathi kweenkampani zoguqulo kunye nabaxhasi lunokunceda ukusombulula iingxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho woguqulo. Amashishini kufuneka akhethe iinkampani zoguqulo ezinokubonelela ngamajelo onxibelelwano asebenzayo, afana nabaphathi beakhawunti abazinikeleyo, iinkokeli zeprojekthi, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa inkqubela egqibeleleyo yenkqubo yoguqulo.
isiphelo
Ngamafutshane, xa ukhetha inkampani yokuguqulela i-patent yobuchwephesha, izinto ezininzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kubandakanywa ubuchwephesha, ukubunjwa kweqela lokuguqulela, inkqubo yokulawula umgangatho, iimfuno zomthetho kunye nokuchaneka kwesigama, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuguqulela, ukuvavanywa kwabathengi kunye negama lenkampani, ibhalansi phakathi komgangatho wenkonzo kunye nexabiso, kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konxibelelwano. Kuphela kungokufikelela kwimigangatho ethile kule miba apho sinokuthi siqinisekise umgangatho kunye nokuchaneka koguqulo, siqinisekise inkqubela-phambili egudileyo yezicelo zelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olusebenzayo lwamalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2025